MC2-R antibody

Background of MC2-R antibody

Melanocortin Receptor 2 (MC2R) belongs to a five-member receptor family known as the melanocortin receptors. The melanocortin receptors are members of the 7 transmembrane domain, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. The receptors ligands, the melanocortins, are a group of structurally derived peptides consisting of a-, Ã?- and ? melanocyte stimulating hormone (a, Ã?, ?-MSH) and the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) all of which are derived from the post-translatiol processing of a common precursor peptide, proopiomelanocortin (POMC). One of the most salient features of the melanocortin sigling system is the presence of two endogenous antagonists, that is proteins that bind specifically to the receptor but instead of activating it have an inhibitory effect. The antagonist proteins are termed agouti (or agouti sigling protein, ASP) and agouti-related protein (AGRP). All five melanocortin receptors bind their agonists (the melanocortins) and their endogenous antagonists (agouti and AGRP) with different affinities. MC2R can be also described as the ACTH receptor as it is exclusively activated by the ACTH hormone. In fact, MC2R mediates all the physiological effects of ACTH in the adrel cortex, that is the regulation and production of steroids, their circadian variation and their stress-related fluctuations. In addition, mutations that result in MC2R functiol impairment are associated with familial glucocorticoid deficiency. The receptor transduces sigls via Gs resulting in the activation of adenylate cyclase and production of cAMP.